<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>AKHB&#256R-I-DARB&#256R-I-MUALL&#256 </TITLE>਍㰀猀琀礀氀攀 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀琀攀砀琀⼀挀猀猀∀㸀ഀഀ
.BODY { background-color: #EAF1F7; background-image: url('images/gtbh.jpg'); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-attachment: fixed; background-position: center; color: #0066CC;}਍⸀䌀㄀笀琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀 樀甀猀琀椀昀礀㬀挀漀氀漀爀㨀 ⌀　　㘀㘀䌀䌀㬀䘀伀一吀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀 匀䴀䄀䰀䰀㬀䘀伀一吀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 吀愀栀漀洀愀㬀紀ഀഀ
.BIB{text-align: center;color: #000099;FONT-size: SMALL;FONT-family: Tahoma;}਍⸀䌀伀一吀笀琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀 爀椀最栀琀㬀挀漀氀漀爀㨀 ⌀䘀䘀　　　　㬀䘀伀一吀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀 匀䴀䄀䰀䰀㬀䘀伀一吀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 吀愀栀漀洀愀㬀紀ഀഀ
</style><META http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"></HEAD>਍㰀䈀伀䐀夀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䈀伀䐀夀∀ 漀渀挀漀渀琀攀砀琀洀攀渀甀㴀∀爀攀琀甀爀渀 昀愀氀猀攀∀ 漀渀搀爀愀最猀琀愀爀琀㴀∀爀攀琀甀爀渀 昀愀氀猀攀∀ 漀渀猀攀氀攀挀琀猀琀愀爀琀㴀∀爀攀琀甀爀渀 昀愀氀猀攀∀㸀ഀഀ
<FONT ALIGN="JUSTIFY" FACE="Tahoma">਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀⌀㘀㔀㈀㜀㤀㰀椀㸀䄀䬀䠀䈀☀⌀㈀㔀㘀刀ⴀ䤀ⴀ䐀䄀刀䈀☀⌀㈀㔀㘀刀ⴀ䤀ⴀ䴀唀✀䄀䰀䰀☀⌀㈀㔀㘀Ⰰ 㰀⼀椀㸀 椀渀 倀攀爀猀椀愀渀Ⰰ 一攀眀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䔀砀愀氀琀攀搀 ⠀䤀洀瀀攀爀椀愀氀 䴀甀㰀甀㸀最栀㰀⼀甀㸀愀氀⤀ 䌀漀甀爀琀 ⠀搀愀爀戀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀⤀Ⰰ 眀愀猀 渀漀琀Ⰰ 愀猀 琀栀攀 琀椀琀氀攀 猀甀最最攀猀琀猀Ⰰ 攀砀挀氀甀猀椀瘀攀氀礀 渀攀眀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 爀漀礀愀氀 挀漀甀爀琀⸀ 吀栀攀礀 眀攀爀攀Ⰰ 戀爀漀愀搀氀礀 猀瀀攀愀欀椀渀最Ⰰ 挀漀甀爀琀 戀甀氀氀攀琀椀渀猀 眀栀椀挀栀 椀渀挀氀甀搀攀搀Ⰰ 戀攀猀椀搀攀猀 瀀爀漀瘀椀渀挀椀愀氀 渀攀眀猀氀攀琀琀攀爀猀 愀渀搀 爀攀瀀漀爀琀猀 漀昀 最攀渀攀爀愀氀猀 愀渀搀 最漀瘀攀爀渀漀爀猀Ⰰ 漀爀搀攀爀猀Ⰰ 愀挀琀椀瘀椀琀椀攀猀 愀渀搀 漀戀猀攀爀瘀愀琀椀漀渀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 攀洀瀀攀爀漀爀猀Ⰰ 愀瀀瀀漀椀渀琀洀攀渀琀猀Ⰰ 瀀爀漀洀漀琀椀漀渀猀Ⰰ 琀爀愀渀猀昀攀爀猀Ⰰ 搀椀猀洀椀猀猀愀氀猀 愀渀搀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀猀 琀漀 漀琀栀攀爀 洀愀琀琀攀爀猀 漀昀 匀琀愀琀攀⸀ 吀栀攀 䴀甀㰀甀㸀最栀㰀⼀甀㸀愀氀 攀洀瀀攀爀漀爀猀 栀愀搀 愀渀 攀氀愀戀漀爀愀琀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 挀漀氀氀攀挀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 渀攀眀猀 昀爀漀洀 愀氀氀 瀀愀爀琀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 挀漀甀渀琀爀礀 琀栀爀漀甀最栀 愀 渀攀琀眀漀爀欀 漀昀 漀昀昀椀挀椀愀氀猀Ⰰ 渀攀眀猀眀爀椀琀攀爀猀 挀愀氀氀攀搀 㰀椀㸀䄀㰀甀㸀欀栀㰀⼀甀㸀戀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀ⴀ渀愀眀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀猀Ⰰ 眀愀焀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀✀椀ⴀ渀愀眀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀猀㰀⼀椀㸀 漀爀 㰀椀㸀眀愀焀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀✀ 椀ⴀ渀椀最☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀㰀⼀椀㸀Ⰰ 眀栀漀 爀攀最甀氀愀爀氀礀 猀攀渀琀 琀栀攀椀爀 渀攀眀猀ⴀ猀栀攀攀琀猀 漀爀 爀攀瀀漀爀琀猀 琀漀 琀栀攀 椀洀瀀攀爀椀愀氀 挀愀瀀椀琀愀氀Ⰰ 眀栀攀爀攀 愀 爀攀最甀氀愀爀 搀攀瀀愀爀琀洀攀渀琀 攀砀椀猀琀攀搀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 挀漀洀瀀椀氀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 搀愀礀ⴀ琀漀ⴀ搀愀礀 渀攀眀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 欀椀渀最搀漀洀 昀漀爀 瀀爀攀猀攀渀琀愀琀椀漀渀 琀漀 琀栀攀 攀洀瀀攀爀漀爀 昀漀爀 栀椀猀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 漀爀 漀爀搀攀爀猀⸀ 䌀漀瀀椀攀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀猀攀 戀甀氀氀攀琀椀渀猀 眀攀爀攀 欀攀瀀琀 戀礀 昀攀甀搀愀琀漀爀礀 挀栀椀攀昀猀Ⰰ 漀昀昀椀挀攀爀猀 愀渀搀 最漀瘀攀爀渀漀爀猀 琀栀爀漀甀最栀 琀栀攀椀爀 㰀椀㸀瘀愀欀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀氀猀㰀⼀椀㸀 漀爀 愀最攀渀琀猀 猀琀愀琀椀漀渀攀搀 愀琀 琀栀攀 挀愀瀀椀琀愀氀⸀ 吀栀攀爀攀 椀猀 愀渀 椀渀瘀愀氀甀愀戀氀攀 猀琀漀挀欀 漀昀 猀甀挀栀 渀攀眀猀 戀甀氀氀攀琀椀渀猀Ⰰ 椀渀 倀攀爀猀椀愀渀Ⰰ 愀琀 䨀愀椀瀀甀爀Ⰰ 渀漀眀 瀀愀爀琀氀礀 琀爀愀渀猀昀攀爀爀攀搀 琀漀 䈀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀欀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀攀爀Ⰰ 椀渀 刀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀樀愀猀琀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀Ⰰ 挀漀瘀攀爀椀渀最 琀栀攀 瀀攀爀椀漀搀 昀爀漀洀 ㄀㘀㔀　 琀漀 ㄀㜀㌀　 眀椀琀栀 猀漀洀攀 最愀瀀猀⸀ 䔀猀瀀攀挀椀愀氀氀礀 渀漀琀攀眀漀爀琀栀礀 椀猀 渀攀眀猀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 倀甀渀樀愀戀 昀爀漀洀 ㄀㜀　㠀 琀漀 ㄀㜀㄀㘀 眀栀攀渀 椀琀 昀愀挀攀搀 愀 猀琀爀漀渀最 愀爀洀攀搀 甀瀀爀椀猀椀渀最 氀攀搀 戀礀 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀 眀愀爀爀椀漀爀 䈀愀渀搀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 䈀愀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀搀甀爀⸀ 吀栀攀 氀愀琀攀 䐀爀 䜀愀☀⌀㜀㜀㔀㄀☀⌀㜀㘀㤀㌀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 猀挀爀甀琀椀渀椀稀攀搀 琀栀攀猀攀 瀀愀瀀攀爀猀 昀爀漀洀 匀攀瀀琀攀洀戀攀爀 ㄀㤀㐀㐀 琀漀 䨀愀渀甀愀爀礀 ㄀㤀㐀㔀 愀渀搀 瀀爀攀瀀愀爀攀搀 愀 洀愀渀甀猀挀爀椀瀀琀Ⰰ 挀漀洀瀀爀椀猀椀渀最 攀砀琀爀愀挀琀猀 漀昀 爀攀瀀漀爀琀猀 瀀攀爀琀愀椀渀椀渀最 琀漀 琀栀攀 倀甀渀樀愀戀Ⰰ 眀椀琀栀 猀瀀攀挀椀愀氀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 琀漀 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀猀⸀ 吀栀椀猀 洀愀渀甀猀挀爀椀瀀琀Ⰰ 㰀椀㸀䄀㰀椀㸀欀栀㰀⼀椀㸀戀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀ⴀ椀ⴀ䐀愀爀戀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀ⴀ椀ⴀ䴀甀✀愀氀氀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀㰀⼀椀㸀Ⰰ 椀猀 渀漀眀 瀀爀攀猀攀爀瘀攀搀 椀渀 琀栀攀 倀甀渀樀愀戀椀 唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀 䰀椀戀爀愀爀礀Ⰰ 琀漀 眀栀椀挀栀 琀栀攀 氀攀愀爀渀攀搀 栀椀猀琀漀爀椀愀渀 栀愀搀 搀漀渀愀琀攀搀 栀椀猀 攀渀琀椀爀攀 挀漀氀氀攀挀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 戀漀漀欀猀Ⰰ 洀愀渀甀猀挀爀椀瀀琀猀 愀渀搀 瀀愀瀀攀爀猀⸀ 吀栀攀 㰀椀㸀䄀欀栀戀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀㰀⼀椀㸀 洀愀渀甀猀挀爀椀瀀琀 挀漀洀瀀爀椀猀攀猀 ㈀㈀　 昀漀漀氀猀挀愀瀀 瀀愀最攀猀 愀渀搀 攀洀戀爀愀挀攀猀 攀瘀攀渀琀猀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 渀椀渀琀栀 礀攀愀爀 漀昀 䄀甀爀愀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最稀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀戀✀猀 爀攀椀最渀 琀漀 琀栀攀 猀攀瘀攀渀琀栀 漀昀 䘀愀爀爀甀㰀甀㸀欀栀㰀⼀甀㸀 匀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀礀愀爀✀猀Ⰰ 椀⸀ 攀⸀ 昀爀漀洀 ㄀㘀㘀㜀 琀漀 ㄀㜀㄀㤀⸀ 䤀渀 琀栀攀 渀攀眀猀 漀昀 䄀甀爀愀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最稀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀戀✀猀 爀攀椀最渀 琀栀攀爀攀 愀爀攀 眀椀搀攀 最愀瀀猀Ⰰ 礀攀琀 琀栀攀 洀愀渀甀猀挀爀椀瀀琀 瀀爀漀瘀椀搀攀猀 椀渀琀攀爀攀猀琀椀渀最 愀渀搀 愀甀琀栀攀渀琀椀挀 搀攀琀愀椀氀猀 愀戀漀甀琀 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀 洀漀瘀攀洀攀渀琀 昀爀漀洀 ㄀㜀　㠀 琀漀 ㄀㜀㄀㘀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 愀戀漀甀琀 琀栀攀 攀昀昀漀爀琀猀 洀愀搀攀 戀礀 琀栀攀 椀洀瀀攀爀椀愀氀 最漀瘀攀爀渀洀攀渀琀 琀漀 猀甀瀀瀀爀攀猀猀 椀琀⸀ 䄀氀琀栀漀甀最栀 愀 挀漀渀琀攀洀瀀漀爀愀爀礀 爀攀挀漀爀搀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 挀漀渀琀攀渀琀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 㰀椀㸀䄀㰀甀㸀欀栀㰀⼀甀㸀戀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀㰀⼀椀㸀 栀愀瘀攀 琀漀 戀攀 甀猀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 挀愀甀琀椀漀渀 戀攀挀愀甀猀攀 愀琀 瀀氀愀挀攀猀 琀栀攀 渀攀眀猀眀爀椀琀攀爀猀 栀愀瘀攀 戀攀攀渀 瘀椀挀琀椀洀猀 漀昀 最爀愀瘀攀 洀椀猀甀渀搀攀爀猀琀愀渀搀椀渀最 漀爀 瀀爀攀樀甀搀椀挀攀⸀ 䘀漀爀 攀砀愀洀瀀氀攀Ⰰ 䈀愀渀搀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 栀愀猀 戀攀攀渀 爀攀昀攀爀爀攀搀 琀漀 瘀愀爀椀漀甀猀氀礀 愀猀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀Ⰰ 䜀漀戀椀渀搀Ⰰ 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 䜀漀戀椀渀搀 愀渀搀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 䜀漀戀椀渀搀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀⸀ 匀椀洀椀氀愀爀氀礀Ⰰ 䄀樀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀琀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䄀㰀甀㸀欀栀㰀⼀甀㸀戀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀 眀愀猀 琀栀攀 愀搀漀瀀琀攀搀 猀漀渀 漀昀 䴀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀琀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 匀甀渀搀愀爀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀Ⰰ 眀椀搀漀眀 漀昀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀ 䜀漀戀椀渀搀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 渀漀琀 匀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀栀椀戀稀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀搀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 䄀樀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀琀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 爀攀愀氀 猀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䜀甀爀☀⌀㌀㘀㌀⸀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ
<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;As revealed by the <i>A<u>kh</u>b&#257r</i>, the Sikh movement under Band&#257 Si&#7749gh had a strong base in the villages. As soon as he started his operations in the Punjab, the peasants promptly rallied round him and accepted him as their overlord. During the entire period of their struggle against the Mu<u>gh</u>als, Band&#257 Si&#7749gh and his Sikhs could move almost unchecked in the eastern part of the Punjab. The <i>zam&#299nd&#257rs</i> of the Punjab, mainly of the northeastern districts of B&#257r&#299 Do&#257b, supplied arms and horses to Band&#257 Si&#7749gh and many of the hill chiefs of the &#346iv&#257lik ranges provided him shelter. However, this does not mean that there was no opposition from any of the <i>zam&#299nd&#257rs</i>. Besides the Muslim <i>zam&#299nd&#257rs</i>, many Hindu chiefs also sided with the Mu<u>gh</u>als mainly with a view to escaping harassment at the hands of the government. For instance, in the early stages, Bh&#363p Park&#257sh, son of Har&#299 Park&#257sh, ruler of N&#257han, supported the cause of Band&#257 Si&#7749gh. According to the A<u>kh</u>b&#257r, Bh&#363p Park&#257sh was called to Delhi and imprisoned. In order to prove her loyalty to the Emperor, Bh&#363p Park&#257sh's mother captured many Sikhs and sent them to Delhi for execution or imprisonment. The <i>zam&#299nd&#257rs</i> of Kum&#257o&#7749 and Sirm&#363r, too, were hostile to Band&#257 Si&#7749gh.</p>਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀䄀挀挀漀爀搀椀渀最 琀漀 琀栀攀 攀渀琀爀礀Ⰰ 搀愀琀攀搀 ㄀　 䐀攀挀攀洀戀攀爀 ㄀㜀㄀　Ⰰ 琀栀攀 䔀洀瀀攀爀漀爀 愀猀欀攀搀 䈀愀㰀甀㸀欀栀㰀⼀甀㸀猀栀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 甀氀ⴀ䴀甀洀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀氀椀欀 䴀愀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀戀愀琀 㰀甀㸀䬀栀㰀⼀甀㸀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀 琀栀愀琀 甀渀搀攀爀 栀椀猀 渀愀洀攀 漀爀搀攀爀猀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 椀猀猀甀攀搀 琀漀 琀栀攀 㰀椀㸀昀愀甀樀搀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀猀㰀⼀椀㸀 愀爀漀甀渀搀 匀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀栀樀愀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀戀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀搀 琀栀愀琀 眀栀攀爀攀瘀攀爀 一☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀愀欀ⴀ眀漀爀猀栀椀瀀瀀攀爀猀 戀攀 昀漀甀渀搀 琀栀攀礀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 攀砀攀挀甀琀攀搀⸀ 吀栀椀猀 漀爀搀攀爀 眀愀猀 爀攀瀀攀愀琀攀搀 戀礀 䔀洀瀀攀爀漀爀 䘀愀爀爀甀㰀甀㸀欀栀㰀⼀甀㸀ⴀ匀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀礀愀爀 椀渀 愀氀洀漀猀琀 琀栀攀 猀愀洀攀 眀漀爀搀猀⸀ 吀栀攀爀攀 愀爀攀 渀攀眀猀 椀琀攀洀猀 椀渀 琀栀攀 㰀椀㸀䄀㰀椀㸀欀栀㰀⼀椀㸀戀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀ⴀ椀ⴀ䐀愀爀戀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀ⴀ椀ⴀ䴀甀✀愀氀氀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀㰀⼀椀㸀 愀戀漀甀琀 琀栀攀 栀攀氀瀀 爀攀渀搀攀爀攀搀 琀漀 䈀愀渀搀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀 戀礀 琀栀攀 㰀椀㸀戀愀渀樀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀猀㰀⼀椀㸀Ⰰ 最爀愀椀渀 挀愀爀爀椀攀爀猀Ⰰ 眀栀漀 洀漀瘀攀搀 愀戀漀甀琀 椀渀 愀氀氀 瀀愀爀琀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 挀漀甀渀琀爀礀 瀀氀礀椀渀最 琀栀攀椀爀 琀爀愀搀攀⸀ 䤀琀 椀猀 爀攀挀漀爀搀攀搀 椀渀 琀栀攀 㰀椀㸀䄀㰀甀㸀欀栀㰀⼀甀㸀戀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀㰀⼀椀㸀 琀栀愀琀 漀渀 ㄀㄀ 伀挀琀漀戀攀爀 ㄀㜀㄀㄀Ⰰ 昀漀爀琀礀 㰀椀㸀戀愀渀樀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀猀㰀⼀椀㸀Ⰰ 眀栀漀 眀攀爀攀 一☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀愀欀ⴀ眀漀爀猀栀椀瀀瀀攀爀猀Ⰰ 眀攀爀攀 戀爀漀甀最栀琀 琀漀 䐀攀氀栀椀 愀渀搀 漀渀 琀栀攀椀爀 爀攀昀甀猀椀渀最 琀漀 愀挀挀攀瀀琀 䤀猀氀愀洀 眀攀爀攀 攀砀攀挀甀琀攀搀 甀渀搀攀爀 琀栀攀 漀爀搀攀爀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䔀洀瀀攀爀漀爀⸀ 䤀渀 愀 渀攀眀猀氀攀琀琀攀爀 漀昀 ㈀㠀 伀挀琀漀戀攀爀 ㄀㜀㄀㄀Ⰰ 椀琀 眀愀猀 爀攀瀀漀爀琀攀搀 琀漀 琀栀攀 䔀洀瀀攀爀漀爀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 䠀椀渀搀甀 㰀椀㸀昀愀焀椀爀猀Ⰰ 礀漀最☀⌀㈀㤀㤀猀㰀⼀椀㸀Ⰰ 㰀椀㸀猀愀渀渀礀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀猀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀猀㰀⼀椀㸀 愀渀搀 㰀椀㸀戀愀椀爀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀最☀⌀㈀㤀㤀猀㰀⼀椀㸀 挀漀渀瘀攀礀攀搀 琀栀攀 渀攀眀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䤀洀瀀攀爀椀愀氀 挀漀甀爀琀 琀漀 䈀愀渀搀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀⸀ 䄀 渀攀眀猀氀攀琀琀攀爀 漀昀 ㈀㤀 䴀愀礀 ㄀㜀㄀㄀ 猀栀漀眀猀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 䴀甀㰀甀㸀最栀㰀⼀甀㸀愀氀 䔀洀瀀攀爀漀爀 䈀愀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀搀甀爀 匀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀栀 栀愀搀 椀猀猀甀攀搀 愀渀 攀搀椀挀琀 漀爀搀攀爀椀渀最 琀栀攀 㰀椀㸀洀甀琀愀猀愀搀搀椀猀㰀⼀椀㸀 ⠀愀挀挀漀甀渀琀愀渀琀猀⤀ 琀漀 爀攀愀氀椀稀攀 㰀椀㸀䨀椀稀礀愀栀㰀⼀椀㸀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 一☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀愀欀ⴀ眀漀爀猀栀椀瀀瀀攀爀猀 愀琀 愀 搀漀甀戀氀攀 爀愀琀攀⸀ 䄀 渀攀眀猀氀攀琀琀攀爀 漀昀 㤀 一漀瘀攀洀戀攀爀 ㄀㜀㄀㌀ 爀攀挀漀爀搀猀 琀栀愀琀 䔀洀瀀攀爀漀爀 䘀愀爀爀甀㰀甀㸀欀栀㰀⼀甀㸀 匀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀礀愀爀 漀爀搀攀爀攀搀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 㰀椀㸀欀漀琀眀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀氀㰀⼀椀㸀 漀昀 䐀攀氀栀椀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 愀渀渀漀甀渀挀攀 椀琀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 戀攀愀琀 漀昀 搀爀甀洀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 䠀椀渀搀甀猀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 渀漀琀 爀椀搀攀 瀀愀氀愀渀焀甀椀渀猀 愀渀搀 栀漀爀猀攀猀 漀昀 䤀爀愀焀椀 愀渀搀 䄀爀愀戀 戀爀攀攀搀⸀ 一漀渀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䠀椀渀搀甀猀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 瀀氀愀礀 漀爀 挀攀氀攀戀爀愀琀攀 㰀椀㸀栀漀氀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀㰀⼀椀㸀⸀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ
<p class="C1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Despite the ruthlessly repressive measures adopted by the government, Band&#257 Si&#7749gh did not resile from his liberal principles. The newsletter of 28 April 1711 records Band&#257 Si&#7749gh's promise and proclamation: "I do not oppress the Muslims. " For every Muslim who approached him, he fixed a daily allowance and wage and took good care of him. Another newsletter, dated 21 April 1711, records that Band&#257 Si&#7749gh permitted Muslims to recite <i><u>kh</u>utb&#257</i> and <i>n&#257m&#257z</i>. 5, 000 Muslims had gathered around him.</p>਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀㄀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀䘀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 渀攀眀猀 椀琀 椀猀 攀瘀椀搀攀渀琀 栀漀眀 猀攀爀椀漀甀猀氀礀 琀栀攀 䴀甀㰀甀㸀最栀㰀⼀甀㸀愀氀 愀甀琀栀漀爀椀琀礀 琀漀漀欀 䈀愀渀搀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀✀猀 爀攀瘀漀氀琀 愀渀搀 栀漀眀 琀栀漀爀漀甀最栀 眀攀爀攀 琀栀攀 漀瀀攀爀愀琀椀漀渀猀 氀愀甀渀挀栀攀搀 愀最愀椀渀猀琀 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀猀⸀ 䌀漀洀洀愀渀搀攀爀猀 愀渀搀 漀昀昀椀挀攀爀猀 漀昀 瘀攀爀礀 栀椀最栀 爀愀渀欀 眀攀爀攀 搀攀瀀甀琀攀搀 戀礀 琀栀攀 䔀洀瀀攀爀漀爀 琀漀 昀椀最栀琀 愀最愀椀渀猀琀 琀栀攀洀 眀椀琀栀 愀氀氀 琀栀攀 爀攀猀漀甀爀挀攀猀 愀琀 琀栀攀椀爀 挀漀洀洀愀渀搀⸀ 䄀挀挀漀爀搀椀渀最 琀漀 渀攀眀猀氀攀琀琀攀爀Ⰰ 搀愀琀攀搀 ㈀　 伀挀琀漀戀攀爀 ㄀㜀㄀　Ⰰ 䘀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀爀漀稀 㰀甀㸀䬀栀㰀⼀甀㸀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀 䴀攀眀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀琀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 挀栀漀瀀瀀攀搀 漀昀昀 ㌀　　 栀攀愀搀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 爀攀戀攀氀 匀椀欀栀猀 愀渀搀 洀愀搀攀 愀 最椀昀琀 漀昀 琀栀攀猀攀 琀漀 琀栀攀 䔀洀瀀攀爀漀爀⸀ 䄀挀挀漀爀搀椀渀最 琀漀 琀栀攀 渀攀眀猀氀攀琀琀攀爀 漀昀 㘀 䐀攀挀攀洀戀攀爀 ㄀㜀㄀　Ⰰ 䄀洀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀渀 㰀甀㸀䬀栀㰀⼀甀㸀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀 䈀愀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀搀甀爀 眀爀漀琀攀 琀漀 琀栀攀 䔀洀瀀攀爀漀爀 琀栀愀琀 栀攀 栀愀搀 欀椀氀氀攀搀 漀渀攀 琀栀漀甀猀愀渀搀 匀椀欀栀猀 愀琀 匀椀爀栀椀渀搀⸀ 䠀攀 猀攀渀琀 㔀　　 栀攀愀搀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 匀椀欀栀猀 琀漀 琀栀攀 䔀洀瀀攀爀漀爀 眀栀漀 漀爀搀攀爀攀搀 琀栀攀洀 琀漀 戀攀 瀀甀戀氀椀挀愀氀氀礀 搀椀猀瀀氀愀礀攀搀⸀ 䄀挀挀漀爀搀椀渀最 琀漀 琀栀攀 渀攀眀猀氀攀琀琀攀爀 漀昀 ㈀㤀 一漀瘀攀洀戀攀爀 ㄀㜀㄀㌀Ⰰ ✀䄀戀搀 甀猀ⴀ匀愀洀愀搀 㰀甀㸀䬀栀㰀⼀甀㸀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀 挀愀爀爀椀攀搀 㤀　　 栀攀愀搀猀 漀昀 一☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀愀欀ⴀ眀漀爀猀栀椀瀀瀀攀爀猀 琀漀 䐀攀氀栀椀⸀ 吀栀攀 栀攀愀搀猀 眀攀爀攀 攀砀栀椀戀椀琀攀搀 椀渀 琀栀攀 䌀栀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀渀搀渀☀⌀㈀㤀㤀 䌀栀漀眀欀 䈀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀稀☀⌀㈀㔀㜀爀⸀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ
</font>਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䈀䤀䈀∀㸀ഀഀ
BIBLIOGRAPHY<p class="C1"><ol class="C1">Bhagat Singh, trans. and ed. , <i>A<u>kh</u>b&#257r-i-Darb&#257r-i-Mu'all&#257</i>. Patiala, 1984<BR>਍㰀⼀漀氀㸀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀䌀伀一吀∀㸀䈀栀愀最愀琀 匀椀☀⌀㜀㜀㐀㤀最栀㰀戀爀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀㰀䈀刀㸀ഀഀ
</font>਍㰀椀洀最 猀爀挀㴀∀挀漀甀渀琀攀爀⸀愀猀瀀砀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㄀瀀砀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㄀瀀砀∀ 愀氀琀㴀∀∀㸀ഀഀ
</HTML></BODY>਍�